{"atlas":{"title":"The de Sitter / String Swampland Atlas","url":"https://research.mahastrategies.com/atlas/de-sitter-swampland","version":"1.2.0","release":"Atlas Context Pack","lastReviewed":"2026-07-27","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","sourcePaper":"https://research.mahastrategies.com/papers/de_sitter_swampland_map","doi":"10.5281/zenodo.21603961","conceptDoi":"10.5281/zenodo.21603960","archive":"https://zenodo.org/records/21603961","claimsEndpoint":"https://research.mahastrategies.com/atlas/de-sitter-swampland/claims.json"},"verificationVocabulary":[{"label":"Verified","definition":"The identifier was independently resolved against arXiv or INSPIRE-HEP during production of the source paper, and its placement in the debate was checked against what the paper argues. Verification is not endorsement."},{"label":"Foundational","definition":"A pre-arXiv or field-defining work that the source paper cites by journal reference or identifier alone. Where the paper records no title, none is supplied here."},{"label":"Contextual","definition":"Included for framing rather than as evidence for a physics claim. Currently this applies to the source working paper itself."}],"sourceTypeVocabulary":[{"id":"primary","label":"Primary paper","definition":"A research paper presenting a construction, calculation, or argument of its own."},{"id":"review","label":"Review","definition":"A survey of a body of work rather than a new result. No work in the current source set is classified this way."},{"id":"observational","label":"Observational or experimental result","definition":"A laboratory measurement, or an analysis whose conclusion is driven by astrophysical or cosmological data."},{"id":"educational","label":"Educational context","definition":"An orientation or synthesis work, included for framing rather than as evidence for a physics claim."}],"provenanceNotes":["Bibliographic fields are taken from the working paper at https://research.mahastrategies.com/papers/de_sitter_swampland_map, whose verification ledger records that all twenty-four arXiv identifiers were independently resolved against arXiv and INSPIRE-HEP.","The sourceType classification and the whyHere note are curator annotation, not fields from the source paper.","Publication years are decoded from the arXiv identifier the paper records; the one work with no identifier takes its year from the journal reference. Where a journal year differs from the arXiv year, the journal field carries it.","Verification means an identifier resolves to a real paper that is correctly placed in the debate. It is not an endorsement of that paper’s argument.","No work outside the source paper’s citation set appears here. Discovery-era observational cosmology papers are outside that set and are therefore not cited."],"count":28,"sources":[{"id":"kklt2003","title":"KKLT — the founding de Sitter construction paper","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":null,"year":2003,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"hep-th/0301240","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0301240","verification":"Foundational","whyHere":"The construction the entire de Sitter debate is organized around. Cited wherever the atlas describes what KKLT proposes.","citedByClaims":["ds-003"],"citedByConcepts":["string-theory","compactification","flux-compactification","moduli","anti-de-sitter","kklt"]},{"id":"lvs2005","title":"Large Volume Scenario — the founding LVS paper","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":null,"year":2005,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"hep-th/0502058","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0502058","verification":"Foundational","whyHere":"The founding Large Volume Scenario paper, cited for the large-volume stabilization mechanism itself.","citedByClaims":["ds-005"],"citedByConcepts":["compactification","flux-compactification","moduli","large-volume-scenario"]},{"id":"dineSeiberg1985","title":"Dine-Seiberg — the 1985 weak-coupling/large-volume observation","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":null,"year":1985,"yearBasis":"journal reference","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":null,"journal":"Phys. Lett. B 162 (1985) 299","url":null,"verification":"Foundational","whyHere":"The original observation that string compactifications are controlled only asymptotically, which frames why any stabilized minimum is contested.","citedByClaims":[],"citedByConcepts":["moduli"]},{"id":"michel2014","title":"Remarks on brane and antibrane dynamics","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Michel et al.","year":2014,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1412.5702","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.5702","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"Cited on the defenders’ side of the anti-brane dispute, for the brane-dynamics argument that the singularity is resolved.","citedByClaims":[],"citedByConcepts":["kklt"]},{"id":"kallosh2019","title":"dS Vacua and the Swampland","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Kallosh, Linde, McDonough, Scalisi","year":2019,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1901.02022","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.02022","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"A defence of KKLT against swampland objections, cited so the defenders’ strongest argument is represented in its own words.","citedByClaims":["ds-004"],"citedByConcepts":["kklt"]},{"id":"kachru2019","title":"de Sitter Vacua from Ten Dimensions","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Kachru, Kim, McAllister, Zimet","year":2019,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1908.04788","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04788","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The explicit ten-dimensional analysis defenders cite as reproducing the four-dimensional uplift result.","citedByClaims":["ds-002","ds-004"],"citedByConcepts":["kklt"]},{"id":"bena2012","title":"Anti-D3's — Singular to the Bitter End","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Bena et al.","year":2012,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1206.6369","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6369","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The sharpest statement of the anti-brane singularity objection, cited on the skeptics’ side of the same dispute.","citedByClaims":["ds-004"],"citedByConcepts":["kklt"]},{"id":"moritz2017","title":"Toward de Sitter space from ten dimensions","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Moritz, Retolaza, Westphal","year":2017,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1707.08678","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.08678","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"A ten-dimensional treatment arguing the integrated equations obstruct the uplift.","citedByClaims":["ds-004"],"citedByConcepts":["kklt"]},{"id":"danielsson2018","title":"What if string theory has no de Sitter vacua?","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Danielsson, Van Riet","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1804.01120","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.01120","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"A prominent statement of the position that string theory may have no de Sitter vacua at all, cited for the shape of the skeptical case.","citedByClaims":["ds-002","ds-004"],"citedByConcepts":["string-theory","m-theory","kklt","swampland"]},{"id":"gallego2017","title":"A New Class of de Sitter Vacua in Type IIB Large Volume Compactifications","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Gallego, Marsh, Vercnocke, Wrase","year":2017,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1707.01095","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.01095","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"An LVS de Sitter construction cited on the proponents’ side of the Large Volume Scenario question.","citedByClaims":["ds-005"],"citedByConcepts":["large-volume-scenario"]},{"id":"cicoli2012","title":"De Sitter String Vacua from Dilaton-dependent Non-perturbative Effects","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Cicoli, Maharana, Quevedo, Burgess","year":2012,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1203.1750","journal":"JHEP 06 (2012) 011","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1203.1750","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"An LVS uplift route that avoids anti-branes, cited to show the proponents’ case does not rest on the KKLT mechanism.","citedByClaims":["ds-005"],"citedByConcepts":["large-volume-scenario"]},{"id":"junghans2022","title":"LVS de Sitter Vacua are probably in the Swampland","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Junghans","year":2022,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:2201.03572","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.03572","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The control objection to LVS de Sitter vacua, cited on the skeptics’ side.","citedByClaims":["ds-006"],"citedByConcepts":["large-volume-scenario"]},{"id":"gao2022","title":"The LVS Parametric Tadpole Constraint","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Gao, Hebecker, Schreyer, Venken","year":2022,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:2202.04087","journal":"JHEP 07 (2022) 056","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.04087","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The parametric tadpole constraint, cited as the sharpest quantitative form of the LVS control objection.","citedByClaims":["ds-006"],"citedByConcepts":["large-volume-scenario"]},{"id":"obied2018","title":"The original de Sitter swampland conjecture","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Obied, Ooguri, Spodyneiko, Vafa","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1806.08362","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.08362","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The paper that introduced the de Sitter swampland conjecture. Cited wherever the atlas states the conjecture.","citedByClaims":["ds-007"],"citedByConcepts":["de-sitter","swampland","ds-conjecture"]},{"id":"ooguri2018","title":"The refined form of the de Sitter conjecture","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Ooguri, Palti, Shiu, Vafa","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1810.05506","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.05506","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The refined form of the conjecture, cited for the Hessian condition that replaced the strict gradient bound.","citedByClaims":[],"citedByConcepts":["swampland","refined-ds-conjecture"]},{"id":"garg2018","title":"The slow-roll bound supporting the conjecture","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Garg, Krishnan","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1807.05193","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.05193","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The slow-roll bound cited among the arguments motivating the conjecture.","citedByClaims":["ds-007"],"citedByConcepts":["ds-conjecture","refined-ds-conjecture"]},{"id":"akrami2018","title":"Cosmological critique of the de Sitter conjecture","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Akrami, Kallosh, Linde, Vardanyan","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"observational","sourceTypeLabel":"Observational or experimental result","identifier":"arXiv:1808.09440","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.09440","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The cosmological critique of the conjecture, cited so the landscape side of the objection is represented.","citedByClaims":["ds-008"],"citedByConcepts":["cosmological-constant","ds-conjecture"]},{"id":"montero2022","title":"The Dark Dimension and the Swampland","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Montero, Vafa, Valenzuela","year":2022,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:2205.12293","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.12293","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The paper proposing the Dark Dimension scenario, cited wherever the atlas describes it.","citedByClaims":["ds-011"],"citedByConcepts":["extra-dimensions"]},{"id":"blumenhagen2022","title":"A warped-throat realization of the Dark Dimension","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Blumenhagen, Brinkmann, Makridou","year":2022,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:2208.01057","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.01057","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"A string-theoretic realization of the Dark Dimension, cited to show the scenario has been embedded in a construction.","citedByClaims":["ds-011"],"citedByConcepts":[]},{"id":"lawSmith2023","title":"Astrophysical Constraints on Decaying Dark Gravitons","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Law-Smith, Obied, Prabhu, Vafa","year":2023,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"observational","sourceTypeLabel":"Observational or experimental result","identifier":"arXiv:2307.11048","journal":"JHEP 06 (2024) 047","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.11048","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"Astrophysical constraints bearing on the Dark Dimension’s dark-matter interpretation.","citedByClaims":["ds-011"],"citedByConcepts":[]},{"id":"lee2020","title":"New Test of the Gravitational 1/r² Law at Separations down to 52 μm","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Lee, Adelberger, Cook, Fleischer, Heckel","year":2020,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"observational","sourceTypeLabel":"Observational or experimental result","identifier":"arXiv:2002.11761","journal":"PRL 124, 101101 (2020)","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.11761","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The torsion-balance measurement that sets the current short-range gravity bound. One of the few genuinely settled empirical inputs on this map.","citedByClaims":["ds-012"],"citedByConcepts":["extra-dimensions","observational-cosmology"]},{"id":"kapner2007","title":"Tests of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law below the Dark-Energy Length Scale","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Kapner, Cook, Adelberger, Gundlach, Heckel, Hoyle, Swanson","year":2006,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"observational","sourceTypeLabel":"Observational or experimental result","identifier":"hep-ph/0611184","journal":"PRL 98, 021101 (2007)","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0611184","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The earlier Eot-Wash inverse-square-law test, cited alongside the 2020 result for the experimental record.","citedByClaims":["ds-012"],"citedByConcepts":["extra-dimensions","observational-cosmology"]},{"id":"agrawal2018","title":"Cosmological implications of the swampland conjectures","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Agrawal, Obied, Steinhardt, Vafa","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1806.09718","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.09718","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The paper drawing out what the conjectures imply for cosmology, cited as the origin of the quintessence branch of the debate.","citedByClaims":["ds-010"],"citedByConcepts":["de-sitter"]},{"id":"heisenberg2018","title":"Equation-of-state bounds on swampland quintessence","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Heisenberg, Bartelmann, Brandenberger, Refregier","year":2018,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"observational","sourceTypeLabel":"Observational or experimental result","identifier":"arXiv:1808.02877","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.02877","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"Equation-of-state bounds constraining swampland quintessence, cited wherever the atlas refers to w near minus one.","citedByClaims":["ds-001","ds-010"],"citedByConcepts":["cosmological-constant","observational-cosmology"]},{"id":"schoneberg2023","title":"News from the Swampland — constraining string theory with astrophysics and cosmology","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Schöneberg, Vacher, Dias, Carvalho, Martins","year":2023,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"observational","sourceTypeLabel":"Observational or experimental result","identifier":"arXiv:2307.15060","journal":"JCAP 2023(10), 039; doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2023/10/039","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.15060","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"A data-side reassessment that runs against the expected direction, finding newer data allows slightly more freedom in the criteria. Cited so the atlas does not present the observational trend as one-way.","citedByClaims":["ds-001","ds-010"],"citedByConcepts":["cosmological-constant","observational-cosmology"]},{"id":"lust2019","title":"The AdS distance conjecture","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Lüst, Palti, Vafa","year":2019,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1906.05225","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.05225","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The AdS distance conjecture, cited as the premise the Dark Dimension scenario is built on.","citedByClaims":["ds-011"],"citedByConcepts":["anti-de-sitter","swampland"]},{"id":"bedroya2019","title":"The Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":false,"authors":"Bedroya, Vafa","year":2019,"yearBasis":"arXiv identifier","sourceType":"primary","sourceTypeLabel":"Primary paper","identifier":"arXiv:1909.11063","journal":null,"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11063","verification":"Verified","whyHere":"The founding Trans-Planckian Censorship paper, cited wherever the atlas states the lifetime bound.","citedByClaims":["ds-009"],"citedByConcepts":["de-sitter"]},{"id":"deSitterPaper","title":"The de Sitter Problem in the String Swampland: A Verified Literature Map (Revision 2)","titleRecordedInSourcePaper":true,"authors":"Rajan, Mayone Maha (architect and curator)","year":2026,"yearBasis":"publication date","sourceType":"educational","sourceTypeLabel":"Educational context","identifier":null,"journal":"Maha Strategies Research; Zenodo DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21603961","url":"https://research.mahastrategies.com/papers/de_sitter_swampland_map","verification":"Contextual","whyHere":"The working paper this atlas is derived from. Cited where a claim rests on the paper’s own framing of the field rather than on a physics result — most directly the statement that no consensus exists.","citedByClaims":["ds-002"],"citedByConcepts":[]}]}