Qubit
A controllable two-level quantum system used to represent quantum information.
Concept record →Atlas library · 12 records
Concepts with boundaries.
Each record defines a term in this Atlas, identifies its sources, and keeps the relevant boundary visible.
Quantum circuit
An ordered sequence of operations and measurements acting on qubits.
Concept record →Hardware modality
A physical platform used to create, control, couple, and measure qubits, such as superconducting circuits or trapped ions.
Concept record →Noise and decoherence
Unwanted interactions, control imperfections, and measurement errors that alter quantum information.
Concept record →Quantum error correction
Encoding and repeated measurement methods that protect logical quantum information using multiple physical qubits.
Concept record →Surface code
A family of topological quantum error-correcting codes commonly studied for two-dimensional local hardware.
Concept record →Fault tolerance
A computing architecture in which errors are detected and managed so that larger computations can be performed reliably.
Concept record →Quantum algorithm
A procedure designed for a quantum computer, with a specified input, circuit, measurement, and classical post-processing.
Concept record →Quantum simulation
Using a controllable quantum system to model another quantum system or its dynamics.
Concept record →NISQ
The noisy intermediate-scale quantum regime: devices with enough qubits for nontrivial experiments but without full fault tolerance.
Concept record →Resource estimation
Estimating physical and logical qubits, gates, runtime, and classical support required for a specified algorithm and error model.
Concept record →Near-term applications
Candidate uses of non-fault-tolerant or early error-corrected quantum devices, evaluated against classical baselines.
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